The high consumption of sugar leads, according to a study conducted in rats by researchers from Princeton University in the United States. The research work shows anxiety and relapse behaviors in sugar consumption. Research and relapse are critical components of addiction and have demonstrated different ways these behaviors in rats that consume excessive sugar. The findings could have future implications in the treatment of human eating disorders. After conducting several tests, his motivation had grown sugar. After they withdrew sugar, drink more alcohol than normal rats, showing that excessive consumption of sugar had forced changes in brain functioning. These features served as gateways to other mechanisms of destructive behavior as a higher alcohol. Furthermore, when dose of Amphetamine minimum before it would have affected the animals turned hyperactive. The researchers also found that when rats take a sweetened drink in a brain region called the nucleus acumbens, released dopamine, a hormone. It is believed that this signaling mechanism triggers the brain and motivation, to occur repeatedly, causing addiction. According to the authors, after a month the rats ‘addicts’ dopamine levels were less than one type of dopamine receptor and opioid receptors more. These dopamine and opioid systems involved in motivation and reward systems that control the desire and pleasure for nothing. Also observed similar changes in the brain of rats addicted to cocaine.

The researchers were also able to cause signs of withdrawal in animals al’eliminar them the administration of sugar. Their work provides the links between substance use disorders as drug addiction and the development of abnormal desire for natural substances. These data could help us design new ways of diagnosis and treatment of addiction in people.

A team of researchers has discovered that a blood transfusion “young”,  blood that has been stored within nine days, raising hopes of survival in animals suffering from two types of cancer. This could solve the ancient mystery of why some blood applied during surgery related to cancer appear to lead to increased repair of the disease, whereas others do not seem to cause transfusion this undesirable change.

Using an animal model, researchers did some tests with rats with leukemia and breast cancer. Found that the chances of surviving cancer could be seen reduced only if the transfusion, the blood had been stored for nine or more days.

Prof. Shamgar Ben-Eliyahu of the University of Tel Aviv was felt that this study would not change the practices of surgeons in hospitals, but definitely if it was something that needed to be investigated more thoroughly in clinical studies with humans. He also objected that this discovery could have a profound impact on survival with prostate cancer and colon cancer associated with two major blood loss. If this discovery during the investigation also shows the trials with humans, this revolutionary

the current perspective on transfusions in cancer patients.

The idea that blood transfusions with “old” may increase cancer metastasis is controversial. Negative effects could be limited to certain types of cancer in particular, or even in special circumstances. Therefore, we recommend more research on this.

If the results suggest that the study of Ben-Eliyahu was demonstrated as true in humans, this would represent a significant impact on public health systems. Typically, blood banks of several countries face critical deficiency reserves liquid, and a preferred use and higher blood would be even more difficult to ensure the availability of this.

German Harald zur Hausen was awarded the Nobel Medicine 2008 for having discovered that cervical cancer is related to the human papilloma viruses • papillae. This led to several laboratories to work for a vaccine. After breast cancer, that of cervical cancer is the second female incidence. If there is an approved vaccine to prevent disease, it is logical that the health authorities made available to the population.

However, voices have risen by recalling that the vaccine does not have an overall effectiveness was not addressed at all • papillae papilloma virus and is more expensive.

At individual level, parents must decide if they want to protect their daughters from an average disease incidence and risk of certain problems. These problems are put forward by some who refuse any kind of vaccine, but must say that the case is completely different. We have eradicated smallpox and what we are doing with the “polio” thanks to vaccines. In addition, a recent report published in The Lancet warned about the increase of rubella in Switzerland as a result of vaccinations back then: it is reasonable that you can not stick rolling • Placement of this increase as a result of retrograde thinking of certain minorities?

The results of this analysis were: RV144 vaccine prevented only 31.2% of cases. The test was 125 people, but only 86 were able to serve because of that some people were injecting less than the doses needed (6) or who were injected when the number is not touched. These people were not all injected doses also participated in the ITT (intent to treat population). In this test the efficacy of the vaccine dropped to 26%.

This news has been very problematic because the information is still lacking to explain experment. Researchers have promised that by the end of this month they say. However, the explanations are not convincing at all. At Wall Street Journal there have been several complaints about the way to inform the population.

I picked this story because AIDS is a chronic disease that affects many people and there are currently only preventive that this vaccine is ineffective.

This new discovery may help scientists better understand how infectious diseases like AIDS or avian flu can be transmitted from animals to humans. It can also help develop a vaccine for the disease, because each year there are 500 million people suffering from malaria and one million end up dying.

I think this is a very important discovery not only in the field of medicine or in science, but also for all those who live in an area prone to this disease, where resources to prevent it and the cure are very scarce. Hitherto been researching a lot, just a few months ago and have been able to find its origin. It is a very significant step because in this way may find it easier vaccines, and especially more effective.

Other cause, the case of pre-eklamsia (during pregnancy increases blood pressure and certain body parts to swell). Lucky if the release of the placenta when the fetus is old enough as experienced Yanti. For if the prior pregnancy was 7.5 months (infant weight 1400 -1500 g), the fetus is generally difficult to be saved.

Bleeding during pregnancy could also be because of blocking the baby’s placenta. Here lies the abnormal placenta (placenta prefia) that is projected on the lower segment of the uterus, leading to the inner cervix. In the process, the longer, the more placenta covering the baby’s way out.

This case can also cause bleeding due to the occurrence of stretching or tightening of the lower part of the uterus that causes the lower part of the uterus so that the planting of the placenta interest shifted slightly. “However, handling much easier than the first case earlier,” said dr. Ontowiryo. “Because bleeding is not continuous, but, again, for example, every 3 – 4 weeks once and was not hurt. So the fetus can be sustained much longer,” he added.

To maintain in order to avoid a contraction (the business of content to remove its contents), the doctor giving the drug, which is sometimes given intravenously, so that the content remains weak and the placenta does not shift. During pregnancy the mother’s of course advised to restrict their daily activities (bed rest) until such time as delivery.

Bonds of blood and cervical

Because of the potential risks posed, as light as any bleeding that came out during the pregnancy should be wary of. We must monitor whether the blood stains appear only once, or many times. Was a great spot and increased with heartburn or not. If heartburn is usually accompanied by patches indicate a miscarriage. Because it was so looked out the red spots, immediately consult a doctor and a total rest.

With a total rest, blood flow to the uterus to be good so that bleeding is expected to be reduced. To check whether the fetus is still alive is usually examined by means of ultrasonography (USG). Meanwhile, expenditure spots without a sense of heartburn can be treated with bed rest plus a pregnancy tonic.

However, we do not have to worry too much if there is bleeding. It could be bleeding from the cervix to open, or candidates who want to loose the placenta, or the way a baby covered.

Cervical condition is not good also can cause bleeding that ended in miscarriage. For example, the opening of the cervix before his time. These problems occur more frequently in women who experience miscarriage or childbirth often. In this latter case, the condition is less well serviksnya or tears in the vagina was not closed properly.

To avoid the occurrence of miscarriage, the cervix is already slightly open was tied or entangled with the “ribbon” and a new special reopened during pregnancy was old enough. During tied up, not recommended for contact with a partner can cause contractions.

Besides “ribbon” penjeratnya hard! When the fetus successfully maintained, after bleeding, the mother’s health should not forget the body while avoiding stress. Food consumed should be highly nutritious as iron-rich foods, calories, and protein. Plus, enough vitamins and minerals. Ask the nutritionist’s advice to the required structured menu.

Virus caused

Bleeding during pregnancy can also be an indication of irregularities in the pregnancy itself. The most worrying about if it happened in the first trimester of pregnancy. Bleeding in this period is a sign of miscarriage. In the early days of pregnancy, the fetus is still weak because the placenta has not been established.

Development of the fetus from 1 – 3 months only depends on the role of hormones. Naturally, there are certain women are “gifted” bleeding, which was followed by a miscarriage. To overcome, of course must be thoroughly searched the main cause. Having found the cause, there was a medical act.

Another thing that needs attention is the hormonal imbalance or disorder. In this case a miscarriage generally can not be avoided. Disruption of hormones supporting role in early pregnancy Pregnancy 1 – 3 months causes a fetus does not develop and autumn. So that does not happen again, before preparing the next pregnancy, the mother was given hormone therapy to hormone levels in balance said.

Abnormal fetus can also lead miscarriage. Abnormality was one of them due to lack of good quality seeds. For example because the mother’s age above 35 years, suffering from chronic or severe illnesses such as tuberculosis of the intestine or seed quality is not good husband. Fetus itself normally would not be formed until finally stopped growing.

The fetus was not normal, can also result of Toxoplasma infection (the virus that is transmitted by cats and birds), Rubella, Herpes Virus 1 and 2 are called TORCH. These germs can not be killed but only revealed activeness and maternal immune system is increased.

Therefore, TORCH test needs to be done before deciding to become pregnant again. If levels of IGG (imunoglugolin) does not rise again, means stable or falling (the virus lost and helpless again). The mother may get pregnant again.

Durian and tape are prohibited?

Besides bleeding, nutrition was also worth noting to prevent miscarriage fetus. Because pregnancy must also not be supported by good nutrition? Unfortunately, with frequent nausea, dizziness and vomiting, often the mother’s nutritional intake is impaired so that the energy is exhausted and the flow of oxygen to the tissue decreases. The result could be not strong uterine fetal maintain.

Similarly, if the mother had anemia or deficiency of red blood cells. Foods that brought together the red blood cells also become less so that less food and supplies automatically stunted fetal growth. Therefore, every pregnant mother is recommended to drink extra vitamins and eat foods that meet nutritional requirements as recommended doctors.

High protein foods and vegetables and fruits more than the recommended high-carbohydrate foods. High-carb menu often causes the fetus is too large.

During pregnancy should also avoid eating foods high alcohol and a tape of durian. “The good, usually the higher the alcohol,” said dr. Ontowiryo. “And this part inhibit the growth of the fetus.” If it is said that young pineapple can be an abortion, according to dr. Ontowiryo not true, unless there is great cause diarrhea cervical loosened.

These doctors also added, drink plenty of water ice will not cause the fetus greater unless always be taken with the syrup. Coconut oil that purportedly can cause birth more smoothly, also the wrong view. “Coconut oil’s only until the intestine, not the vagina!” specifically.

To prevent miscarriage, for pregnant mothers should not work hard, too tired, and avoid stress. Because excessive stress will increase adrenaline, causing constriction of blood vessels that results in a lack of blood flow to the uterus. If there Vaso contractions or a reaction to remove the womb the baby, it is feared will happen miscarriage.

Not less important is to prepare for a pregnancy. If previously perceived abnormalities, such as the growth of tumors, vaginal discharge, cervical infection, cysts, endometriosis experience, etc., need to be checked and treated so that when the pregnancy was the fetus can grow well and was born safely.

Like parts of another body, the brain can be affected by tumors or cancer. The difference is, if the other body parts sometimes benign tumors do not interfere and harmless, benign tumors in the brain also can be very disturbing and endangering lives.

A large part of the brain that the body has a regulatory function different makes tumors and brain cancer have a very varied symptoms. Symptoms that appear depend on which part of the brain tumors arise.

Dr. Japardi Iskandar explains common symptoms of cancer and brain tumors are as follows:

General cerebral symptoms
May be mild mental changes (psychomotor asthenia), which can be perceived by the patient’s family include: irritability, emotional instability, forgetfulness, slowing of mental and social activities, loss of initiative and spontaneity, may be found anxiety and depression. These symptoms went progressive and can be found in 2 / 3 cases.

Head Pain
An estimated 1% cause headache is a brain tumor and 30% of a brain tumor early symptoms are sore head. Meanwhile, more symptoms were found 70% of cases. The nature of head pain varies from mild and episodic to severe and throbbing, typically gain weight at night and on waking in the morning and in the circumstances which occur high intracranial pressure elevation. The existence of headache with psychomotor asthenia have suspected a brain tumor.

Vomiting
There are at 30% of cases and generally meyertai headache. More often found in tumors in the posterior fossa, most are projectile vomiting and was accompanied by nausea.

Seizures
Seizures can be a revival of the early symptoms of brain tumors in 25% of cases, and more than 35% of cases at an advanced stage. An estimated 2% of the rise of seizures are a brain tumor.
Need suspected cause is the rise of a brain tumor seizure if:
- Rise of the first seizure at the age of more than 25 years
- Experiencing post iktal paralysis
- Experiencing the status of epilepsy
- Resistant to epilepsy drugs
- Resurrection is accompanied by symptoms of other intracranial high pressure.
Seizures rise 70% found in brain tumors in the cortex, 50% of patients with astrositoma, 40% in patients with meningioma, and 25% in glioblastoma multiforme.

Symptoms of High intracranial pressure (TTIK)
Form of headache complaints in the frontal and occipital areas that arise in the morning and evening, projectile vomiting and decreased awareness. On examination found papil udem. This situation needs immediate action because each threat can occur when herniation. Moreover, it can be found by parese N. VI VI by teregangnya N. TTIK. Tumors often give TTIK symptoms without focal symptoms or lateralisasi is meduloblatoma, spendimoma of ventricle III, haemangioblastoma cerebellum, and craniopharingioma.
In addition to the above general symptoms there specific symptoms based on the location and function of the brain that was attacked. Include:

Frontal lobe tumors:
- Changes in behavior and personality
- Reduction in the ability assess something
- Decrease the power of smell
- Decrease memory
- Paralysis on one side of the body
- The decline of mental function / cognitive
- Reduction of vision and eye nerve inflammation

Tumors in the parietal lobe:
- Reduction in the ability to speak
- Not able to write
- Not able to recognize someone
- Seizure
- Disorientation space

Tumors in the occipital lobe:
- Loss of vision in one or both eyes
- Seizure

Temporal lobe tumors:
- Reduction in the ability to speak
- Seizure
- Sometimes no symptoms at all
Posterior fossa tumors:
- Disturbance walk
- head Pain
- Vomiting
Tumors in Cerebello Pontin Angie:
- Hearing loss

Brain stem tumors:
- Changes in behavior and emotional (more sensitive, easily offended)
- It’s hard to talk and swallow
- Drowsiness
- Headache, especially in the morning
- Loss of hearing
- The weakness of the nerves on one side of the face
- The weakness of the nerves on one side of the body
- Uncontrollable Movement
- Loss of vision, the eyelids closed, crossed, etc..
- Vomiting

Brain tumors in the membrane:
- Headache
- Loss of hearing
- Disturbance talk
- Inkontinensi (inability to control urination / large)
- Mental and emotional disturbances (apathy, anarchists, etc.)
- Drowsiness prolonged
- Seizure
- Loss of vision

Pituitary gland tumors:
- Stopping of menstruation (amenorrhea)
- Producing milk
- Impotence
Tumors in the hypothalamus:
- Disorders of sexual development in children
- Little
- Stopping of menstruation (amenorrhea)
- Fluid and electrolyte disorders
Tumors in the ventricle:
- Hydrocephalus
- Stiff neck
- Head tilted
- Sudden head pain
- Blurred vision
- The decline of consciousness

Despite having one or more symptoms as above only, not necessarily a tumor or brain cancer. To ensure that need to be direct examination by a specialist (surgeon) nerve and further investigation such as CT scans, MRI, angiogram, myelogram, spinal tap, and biopsy.

Symptoms associated with pneumonia consist of cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. Diagnostic tools including X-rays and sputum examinations. Treatment depends on the cause of pneumonia; pneumonia caused by bacteria treated with antibiotics.

Pneumonia is a common disease, which occurs in all age groups, and is the top ranked causes of bereavement among the elderly and chronically ill people. Vaccines to prevent certain types of pneumonia can be obtained. The prognosis depends on the type of individual pneumonia, appropriate treatment, other complications, and the health of the person.

One case of pneumonia which has a high mortality rate at the moment is a case of pneumonia caused by bird flu.